What is the primary imaging mode used in echocardiography?
Two-dimensional (2D) imaging provides real-time images of the heart, widely used for assessing cardiac anatomy and motion.
What does Doppler echocardiography measure?
Doppler echocardiography evaluates the direction and speed of blood flow through the heart and vessels.
Which technique enhances visualization of heart structures using sound wave reflections?
Harmonic imaging improves resolution and contrast by processing harmonic frequencies from returning ultrasound waves.
What does M-mode imaging provide in echocardiography?
M-mode provides a single-dimensional view that captures motion of heart structures over time.
Which imaging view provides a cross-sectional view of the heart from the chest wall?
The parasternal view is commonly used to assess structures like the ventricles and valves.
What is the benefit of using contrast agents in echocardiography?
Contrast agents enhance the visualization of cardiac chambers and endocardial borders.
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Which imaging technique is inserted into the esophagus for close-up views?
Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) provides high-resolution images of the heart by placing the probe in the esophagus.
What is the apical four-chamber view used to assess?
The apical four-chamber view displays both atria and ventricles, helpful for evaluating wall motion and valve function.
Which frequency range is typically used for adult transthoracic echocardiography?
2-5 MHz provides adequate penetration and resolution for adult heart imaging.